In addition to patients who have mild to moderate incontinence , conservative treatment can be used very successfully with patients whose incontinence has been of a long-standing nature subsequent to abdominal or urologic surgery or those with neurological problems.  Candidates also are the elderly, patients, who are too old to have surgery or who have incontinence that cannot be documented on urodynamic studies.  Patients who tolerate medications poorly are also excellent candidates. Urinary frequency, pelvic pain and interstitial cystitis also respond favorably to conservative management strategies.  With most treatment protocols, patients should be cognitively intact and have good manual dexterity.